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Bunions, or hallux valgus, are a common foot condition where the big toe drifts towards the smaller toes, causing a bony bump on the side of the foot. But what actually causes them?
📖 According to @drlyndonmason and the landmark paper he co-authored, The Pathogenesis of Hallux Valgus (Perera AM et al., J Bone Joint Surg Am, 2011), bunions develop due to a complex interplay of biomechanics, anatomy, and genetics:
🦵 Biomechanics
• Instability in the joint at the base of the big toe (first metatarsophalangeal joint) is a key driver.
• Faulty foot mechanics like overpronation can put extra strain on the joint, contributing to its misalignment.
👣 Anatomical Factors
• A flat or unstable arch can predispose the big toe to drift.
• An abnormal shape of the first metatarsal bone or a misaligned sesamoid complex can also contribute.
🧬 Genetics
• Family history plays a major role! Certain foot shapes and mechanical tendencies are inherited, making some people more prone to developing bunions.
👠 External Factors
• While tight, narrow footwear (like high heels) doesn’t cause bunions outright, it can accelerate their progression in someone predisposed.
Understanding the causes is the first step in effective treatment! If you’re struggling with bunions, consult a foot and ankle specialist for advice tailored to your condition.
📚 Reference: Perera AM, Mason LW, et al. The Pathogenesis of Hallux Valgus, JBJS Am. 2011.
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A study found Of the 42 patients who wore heeled footwear pre-surgery, 26 (62%) continued wearing them. The majority of them (n = 23, 88%) were able to wear the same height heels. Patients could use heeled footwear from 30 min to eight hours continuously (mean=3 h) and, 88% were able to wear heel heights of 1.5 in. or higher. #orthoinsta #researchpaper #footandanklecare #footandankledoctor #bigtoearthritis #bigtoefusion #halluxrigidus #fusion #caniwearheels @drlyndonmason
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